to carry out: to accomplish, to execute (S) (also: to go through with)
to knock oneself out: to work very hard (sometimes too hard) to do something
A reflexive pronoun must divide the idiom.
to knock out: to make unconscious (S)
The noun form knockout derives from this idiom.
to take over: to assume control or responsibility for (S); to do or perform again (S)
The meaning of the second definition is almost the same as do over.
Also for the second definition, a noun or pronoun must divide the idiom.
to stay up: to remain awake, not to go to bed
to go for: to be sold at a certain price; to seek or strive for; to agree with or to consider
The third definition is similar to to feel like.